Farriery implement.



s. LEWIS, JR. PARRIBRY IMPLBMENT.

APPLICATION FILED 00T. 18, 190.9.

Patented Feb. 6, 1912.

l ATTORNEY COLUMBIA PLANMRAPM C0.. WASMINGDON. D. C.

S. LEWIS, JR. PARRIERY IMPLEMENT.

APPLIGATION FILED 001716, 1909. l 1,01 6,571. Patented Feb. 6, A1912.

WITNESSES j? Z BY i ef A. ATTORNEY cccccc lA PLANOGHAPH C0.. WASHINGTON. l. c.

'S. LEWIS, Jn. PARRIERY IMPLEMENT.

l AIPLIOATION FILED 00T. 16I 1909. I 1,01 6,571. I Petentea Feb. 6, 1912.

INVENTOR mum WIA!!! e0., UNKNOWN. D. ct.

SAUNDERS LEWIS, JR., OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

FARRIERY IMPLEMENT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 6, 1912.

Application filed October 16, 1909. Serial No. 522,940.

To all whom t may concern Be it known that I, SAUNDERs Lnwrs, .I r., a citizen of the United States of America, residing in the city and county of Philadelphia, in the State ofPennsylvania, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Farriery Implements, of which the following is a true and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part thereof.

My present invention relates to the farriery art, and has for its object the provision of a simple and effective implement or device adapted to facilitate the proper trimming of a horses hoof.

More particularly, one main object of the invention is the provision of an implement or device for indicating the manner in which a horses hoof should be trimmed to change the plane of the bottom of the hoof a predetermined and definite amount. By preference, the implement or device has provisions by means of which the hoof may be readily and accurately scored or otherwise marked to indicate the manner in which the hoof should be trimmed after that manner has been determined.

A further object of the invention is the provision of an implement by which certain relations between different portions of the hoof may be accurately measured.

In the claims annexed to and forming a part of this specification, I have pointed out with particularity the features of novelty which characterize my invention. For a better understanding of the invention, however, and the advantages possessed by it, reference may be had to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which I have illustrated and described forms in which the invention may be embodied.

Of the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of the implement with a scribing device, which I may use, in place on the implement. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation on the line 2--2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan view of a modilied form of apparat-us. Fig. t is an elevation, partly in section, on the line -1-4 of Fig. 3, parts of the apparatus being shown in different relative positions in Figs.

v3 and t. Fig. 5 is an elevation of a device used, under certain conditions, with the apparatus shown in Figs. 3 and t. Fig. 6 is an elevation of a centering device which may be used with the apparatus shown in Figs. 3 and 1. Fig. 7 is an elevation of the and 8.

implement shown in Figs. 1 and 2 with a hoof and portion of a leg of a horse supported thereby. Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 7, but showing the im lement adjusted to set the bottom surface o the hoof in different relation to the leg from that shown in Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a perspective view, showing the same parts as are shown in Figs. 7 and 8, but taken at right angles to Figs. 7 Figs. l0 and 11 are perspective views illustrating the use of the apparatus shown in Figs. 3 to 5, inclusive.

In the form of the invention shown in Figs. 1, 2, 7, 8 and 9 of the drawings, A represents a base member of disk like form. The member A has adjustably connected to it a hoof supporting member or table C, the top of which is adapted tovbe engaged by the underside of a horses hoof. In the form shown, the table C is provided on its underside with a seat C3 for a spherical bolt head B. The bolt head B is secured in place against the seat C3 by means of an externally threaded member Cet which is screwed into the internally threaded hollow boss C5 provided for the purpose on the underside of the member C. The body of the bolt B passes through a portion A11 of the member A, which is depressed and of reduced thickness. A nut B secures the bolt in place. With Vthe construction described, the table C is secured to the base A by a ball and socket joint, which permits the upper surface C of the table C to be set at any angle, within proper limits, to the plane of the upper surface A of the member A.

The base member A is provided with four equally spaced apart, radial, cylindrical chambers or sockets A2. In each chamber A2 is placed a cylindrical body D, held against aXial displacement by a corresponding screw D3 carried by the base member A and entering a circumferential groove D4c formed in the member D. Each member D is provided at its inner end with an eccen- `at its outer end with a head D by means trimming in such manner that when the surface the desired roughness.

of which the member may be rot-ated in its socket and preferably, as shown, each head D is provided with graduations or scale marks D5 by means of which the angular position of the corresponding member D in any setting of the implement may be readily and accurately determined.

The upper surface olf the table C is preferably slightly roughened to prevent a horses hoofplaced thereon from slipping,-

and preferably also is provided with marks as the circles C2 and cross lines C21 by means of which the hoof resting on the table may be readily centered. The marks C2 and C21 may be formed byjscoring the table in such manner as to give the upper The table C may also be recessed as indicated at C22 to receive the frog of a hoof placed on it.

When it is desired to measure the relation between the bottom surface ofthe horses hoof and the leg to which the hoof belongs, the hoof isy centrally placed upon the table C as illustrated in Figs. 7, 8 and 9, and the table C is then manipulated to bring the hoof, the pastern joint and the leg proper into a certain standard or desired relation, for inst-ance in the case of the front leg of a normal horse, the table is adjusted until when the axis L of the large metacarpal or cannon bone Lis vertical as shown in Fig. 8, the long pastern bone I, the short pastern bone J, and the hoof bone K are in alinement, with the axes of these bones coincident with the line M, Figs. 7 and 8, which passes through the center of the hoof bone K and is parallel to the line H which marks the intersection with the front side of the hoofI-I, of a lane including the aXes of the bones L, I, (i) and K. When this is done, by adjusting the various members D to throw out the pins E, the table C may be locked in the position into which kit is adjustedV and by means of the scale marks on the heads D of the members D, the angular relation of the plane of the table C to the plane of the surface A of base member A can be quickly and accurately determined. It will be understood, of course, that in this use of the apparatus the base member A is disposed in some standard position, usually and preferably with the surface A horizontal. y Having set the table C in the position in which the hoof and pastern joint and main leg bones are in the proper or desired relation, the hoof may be readily marked for hoof rests upon a level surface the leg and pastern joint bones and hoof will naturally assume the desired relative positions. One way of accomplishing the' marking in al very easyl and satisfactory manner is by running a scribing tool, such as the tool R shown in Figsyl and 2, about the hoof with the base of the tool resting upon the guide surface formed by the surface A of the table. By proceeding in this manner a line may be marked on the hoof at a uniform distance from the surface A. For instance, in Fig. 8, the line H2 indicates the line to which the hoof should be trimmed to make its bottom or` shoe engaging surface horizontal when the bones L, I, J, and K are in the position shown in Fig. 8. The provision of this line on the hoof is a distinct advantage of itself, for, even when it is 'determined how a horses hoof should be trimmed, it is difiicultto conduct the actual operation of rasping the hoof to give the desired conformation without some line on the hoof which serves as a guide.

As shown, the scribing pointl It is carried by and eccentrically disposed with re spect to a cylindrical body R2 received in a cylindrical socket formedin the body of the scriber. By rotating the member R2 the distance between the scribing point It and the surface A may be adjusted. A clamping screw R3 forms a means for locking the body R2 in any desired adjustment.

In Fig. 8 the bones L, I, J and Kl are in the position usually occupied by them in the case of a normal horse with normally shaped hoofs when the horse is standing still on a horizontal surface. As shown in Fig. 8, however, the hoof is not normal but is too long at the toe, and Fig. 7 shows the actual position usually occupied by the bones L, I, J and K in the case of a normal horse with a hoof shaped as shown in Figs. 7 and 8 when the hoof rests on a horizontal surface.

It will be apparent, on inspection, that with the axes of the bones I, J and K in alinement as shown in Fig. 8, there is less strain on the tendons and muscles of the horses leg than when the axes of these bones are out of alinement. It will also be apparent that if the bones I, J and K are in alinement when the axis L of the bone L is vertical, as shown in Fig. 8, a greater decrease in the angle between the line M and the axis L can occur without straining the tendons and muscles of the horses leg, as the axis L is inclined forward of the vertical in the stride of the horse, than is the case where the parts occupy the position shown in Fig. 7 when the axis L of the bone L is vertical.

It is apparent that the implement described forms a simple and effective device for adjusting the hoof and the leg and pastern joint bones of the horses leg in any desired relation, for measuring the inclinations of the bottom surface of the hoof to a standard table A', when so adjusted, and for marking the hoof-to show exactly how it should be trimmed to bring the hoof and pastern joint bones naturally into the desired relaplane such as the plane of the tion when the hoof is placed on a level sur-` face.

With horses which are more or less eccentric in their leg and hoof formation or gait, it is usually found that there is some one trimming of the hoof which will give much better results than any other. This is particularly true with horses used for speed purposes. With such horses, after the proper hoof trimming has been found by experiment, it is possible to determine by the use of my implement the exact relation of the hoof and leg and pastern joint bones which exists with that trimming, and by making a record of this relation it is possible to insure that when the hoof is to be trimmed again, j

it shall be trimmed in the proper manner.

Not only can the surface A be used as a guide for a scribing tool such as the scriber R, but it can be used as the base for measuring the inclination of the hoof in different positions to the horizontal whereby a record may be made and kept of the changes which occur in the general shape of the hoof. Such a record may be highly useful, particularly in the case of horses used for speed purposes, for it is well known that horses hocfs do not always grow uniformly, and a knowledge of the variations in growth of the particular portion of the horses -hoofs is sometimes of great value in determining the manner in which the hoof should be trimmed to give the desired result.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the particular' form of apparatus shown in Figs. l, 2, 7, S and 9, possesses certain excellent properties, since it is strong and rigid, while at the same time compact., and in particular, has the distance between the top of the table C and the bottom of the base A relatively small. The latter is of importance, for, when this distance is small it is unnecessary to provide any special platform for the hoofs not resting on the table C, though it is usually advisable, in trimming a front or rear hoof, to bring the other frontl or rear hoof to the same level. This may be usually accomplished by the use of a plank or like simple blocking or platform.

In the modified form of the invention illustrated in Figs. 3 and 6, inclusive, N represents a skeletonized disk shaped member adapted to be brought into engagement with the bottom surface of the horses hoof which is to be operated upon. As shown, the arms N', connecting the body of the member N to the rim N2, are provided at their outer ends with shoulders or ribs N3. on the upper side of the arms which engage the rim of the hoof while leaving a space for the frog of a hoof when the latter extends below the rim of the hoof. Preferably, the arm intended to come under the toe of the hoof has an identifying mark as indicated at N8,

and the arm at the opposite side of the device is not provided with shoulder N3. It will be apparent that the provision of the spaced apart hoof supporting ribs or shoulders N3, in this form of the invention, serve the purpose of providing a ribbed surface to facilitate the positioning of a hoof thereon and prevent it from slipping, which is accomplished in the construction first described by the provision of the ribs formed on the upper surface of the member A by the scorings or grooves C and C21. It will also be observed that the omission of the shoulder N3 from one arm of the hoof support in Fig. 3, serves the purpose of forming a frog receiving recess. This is accomplished in the construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2 by providing the cavity C22.

The member N is connected to a supporting member O, in the form of a shaft, by a universal joint. In the construction illustrated, the member O is provided at its upper end with a ball, and the member N is secured thereto by clamping members N4 and N5, one of which, N4 for instance, is integrally connected to the member N, and is connected to the other member N5 by clamping bolts NG. The member O is provided below the ball O, with arms O2, in which are screwed threaded leveling bolts or screws P. Preferablye as shown, one of the leveling screws P is provided with a reduced portion P entering the corresponding socket formed in the arm N above it so that the leveling screws always engage the same arms N. Beneath the arms O2 a member S is journaled on the member O to turn about the axis thereof. The member S carries an arm S, square in cross section, which extends perpendicularly to the axis of the member O. To avoid lost motion and to insure the desired accurate angular relation between the member O and the arm S, the member O is preferably provided with a conical bearing surface O3 and below the surface O3 is threaded to receive a nut Q having a conical bearing surface Q. The member S is provided with corresponding conical bearing lsurfaces engaging the surfaces O3 and Q. Vith this arrangement, any lost motion, due to wear or other cause, may be taken up from time to time by simply rotating the nut Q on the threaded portion of the member O. Below the nut Q, the member O has secured to it a suitable handle Z. On the arm S', a sleeve T, adjustable along the length of the arm is mounted.

T2 represents a set screw for securing the sleeve T and arm S together in any desired adjustment. The sleeve T supports an arm T, preferably square in cross section and extending parallel to the member O. A sleeve U is mounted on the arm T and is adjustable up and down thereon.

U represents a set screw for securing the sleeve U and arm T together in any de# sired relation. An arm U3 is pivotally connected at one end to the sleeve U, as by trunnions U2, the axis of the trunnions extending parallel to the arm T. At its other end, the arm U3 is pivotally connected, as by the pivots Ut, to a member U5 carrying a scribing device U6. The axis of the pivots Ul is parallel to the axis of the trunnions U2 and to the axis of the shaft O. By rotating the arm S relative to themember O, and by turning the arm U3 relative to the sleeve U, and` by turning t-he member Uf5 relative to the arm U3, the scribing point Uma-y be easily moved to draw a line about a hoof bearing against the top of the member N, and the line thus drawn with any one adjustment of t-he sleeve U will lie entirely in one plane perpendicular to the axis of the member O. By preference, the member U5 is formed with a socket in which the scribing device UG may be adjusted in the direction of its length and may be clamped in any desired adjust-ment by the clamping screw U8.

The plane of the member N can be set at any desired angle relative to the axis of the member O, within proper limits, by adjusting the leveling screws P. The relative position of the plane of the member N to the axis of the member O may be easily de termined with a high degree of accuracy by means of the member lV which is slidingly mounted on the arm S and has an inclined upper edge W adapted to engage the lower corner edge of the rim N2. Scale marks 72 are preferably provided along the edge VV, and are preferably arranged to indicate in degrees or fractions thereof, the angle which the radial line in the plane of a line radial to the center of t-he ball O and parallel to the plane of member N and in the plane of the member W, makes with the axis of the arm S. With this arrangement, by swinging the arm S\ around the highest or lowest point in the lower outer corner edge of the rim N2 may be quickly determined, and of course the angle measured at that point by the member `W, is the angle between the plane of the member N and a plane `normal to the member O. It will be understood, of course, that the plane of the tops of the shoulders O3 is parallel to the plane of the underside of the rim N2 and that when the measuring device W is employed the lower outer corner edge'of the rim l 2 should be truly circular about an axis passing through j the center of the ball O.

The angular relation between different portions of the curved surface of a horses hoof and the plane of the member N can be determined readily by means of the adjustable quadrant X4t pivotally connected at X3 to an arm X2 extending radially inward from the arm T when the supporting sleeve X for the arm X2 is mounted on the arm T. The sleeve X may be adjusted along the arm T and .secured in any desired position by the clamping screw X and in the ordinary use of the apparatus the sleeve X is removed when the scriber UG is in use.

Preferably, as shown, the member O is provided with a socket O5 and the member N with a central passage N7 to receive a centering device or plug V used to quickly and accurately bring the member N into the position in which its plane is perpendicular to the axis of the member O. In the use of the centering device V the leveling screws P are loosened and the plug then inserted. The act of insertion automatically brings the member N into the desired relation. The leveling screws are then tightened to hold the parts in this relation and the plug V removed. Preferably, the socket O5 should be relatively deep and the passage N7 be slightly conical and the plug V correspondingly shaped to eliminate errors due to lost motion.

The use of the apparatus shown in Figs. 3 to 5, inclusive, will be fairly apparent from what has already been said, and from an inspection of Figs. l0 and 1l. The operator grasps the handle Z in one hand and holds the top of the shoulders N3 against the bottom of a horses hoof and then moves the scribingtool Ux around to scribe a line on the horses hoof or manipulates the quadrant X4 to measure the angular relations between different portions of the hoof and the plane in which the arm S swings. In making such measurelnents the plane touching the tops of the shoulders N 3, that is the plane bearing against the bottom surface of the hoof, is ordinarily normal to the axis of the member O and consequently parallel to the plane of movement of the arm S. As shown in Figs. l0 and l1, the device may be used with the hoof of the horses foot turned upward or with the hoof lifted oft' the ground but still pointed downward.

The apparatus shown in Figs. 3 to 6, inclusive, can be used in scribing on a hoof a line lying in a plane making any desired angle with the plane of the bottom of the hoof, and can be used in measuring the relation between different portions of the curved surface of the hoof and the bottom of the hoof just as accurately as can the apparatus shown in Figs. l and 2.

The apparatus shown in Figs. 3 to 6 cannot be used in setting a hoof in any desired relation to the bones of the horses leg in the same way which it is possible to use the apparatus of Figs. 1 and 2, as shown in Figs. 7, 8 and 9, and in this respect the apparatus first disclosed possesses an advantage over the more portable form of apparatus. I have found, however, that by observing the feet and legs of a horse While standing on a level Hoor, and by observing the motion of the legs and the Way in Which the feet are put down and lifted up When the horse is in motion, that the manner in which the hoofs should be trimmed can be determined quite readily and accurately by one accustomed to make such observations, and when this has been determined the apparatus shown in Figs. 3 to 6, inclusive, can

be employed to mark the hoofs for trimming in the desired predetermined manner. The apparatus shown in Figs. 3 to 6 possesses an obvious advantage over that shown in Figs. 1 and 2, because of the ease in which it can be transported and manipulated and because it Weighs less and in general is less expensive to manufacture. On this account I prefer for general use the apparatus sbovvn in Figs. 3 to 6, inclusive, to that shown in Figs. 1 and 2, although as before pointed out, the apparatus shown in Figs. 1 and 2 possesses some advantage over the lighter and more portable apparatus.

In my copending prior application, Ser. No. 488,452, iled April 7, 1909, I have disclosed and claimed speciically apparatus which is .identical with that illustrated by Figs. 1 and 2, herein, except that in the earlier application no cavity C22 is shown in the table C. My prior application, however, is to be regarded as subordinate to this in so far as the two forms of apparatus disclosed herein embrace common patentable features. Such common features are being claimed herein.

IVhile different theories are entertaine among those skilled in the art as to the exact manner in which horses hoofs should be trimmed in order to get the best results, and in particular to correct certain defects in the gait of certain horses, the desirability of trimming the hoofs properly according to the particular theory entertained is recognized by everyone skilled in the art. Both forms of apparatus disclosed herein are highly useful because they permit of accurate indication of the` manner in Which a horses hoofs should be trimmed to change the angular relation between the bottom surface of the hoof and the hoof proper by a predetermined known amount.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the form of the implement disclosed herein Without departing from the spirit of my invention, and I do not Wish the claims hereinafter made to be limited to the particular apparatus disclosed more than is made necessary by the state of the art.

Having now described my invention, What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. In a farriery implement, the combination of a member adapted to engage the bottom of a horses hoof, and a support on which said member is adjustably mounted to permit the inclination of the member to the support to be varied, said support being provided with a guide for a tool for marking a hoof engaging said member.

2. In a farriery implement, the combination of a member adapted to engage the bottom of a horses hoof, a support on Which said member is adjustably mounted to permit the inclination of the member to the support to be varied, a scribing tool, and means carried by said support for guiding said scribing tool in its movement about a horses hoof engaging said member.

3. In a farriery implement, the Combination of a member adapted to engage the bottom of a horses hoof, a support to which the member is connected by a universal joint, and means for locking the member and support together in any desired adjustment.

t. In a farriery implement, the combination of a member adapted to engage the bottom of a horses hoof, a support to which the member is connected by a universal joint, and adjustable devices extending bet-Ween the member and support for holding the member rigid with respect to the support in different adjustments of the member relative to the support.

5. Ina farriery implement, the combination of a member adapted to engage the bottom of a horses hoof, a support to Which the member is connected by a universal joint, and bolts mounted in said support and adjustable into positions in Which they engage the member and hold it rigid With respect to the support in different adjustments of the member relative to the support.

6. In a farriery implement, the combination of a member adapted to engage the bottom of a horses hoof, a support to which the member is connected by a universal joint, and means carried by said implement for measuring` the inclination of the member to the support in any desired adjustment of the member.

7. In a farriery implement, the combination of a member adapted to engage the bottom of a. horses hoof, a support to which said member is adj ustably connected to permit the inclination of the member to the support to be varied, and means for locking the member and support together in any desired adjustment, said member having its hoof engaging surface ribbed to facilitate the proper positioning of the hoof thereon, and to prevent said hoof from slipping.

8. In a farriery implement, a member adapted to engage the bottom of a horses h oof, a supporting handle therefor connected to the said member by a universal joint, an arm journaled on said handle to swing about the axis thereof, and a scribing device supported by said arm and adapted to enga-ge a hoof bearing on said member.

9. In a farriery implement, a member adapted to engage the bottom of a horses hoof, a supporting handle therefor connected to said member by a universal joint, an arm journaled on said handle to swing about the axis thereof, and means carried by said arm for measuring the relation between different portions of a hoof engaging said member.

10. In a farriery implement, a member adapted to engage the bottom of a horses hoof, a supporting handle therefor connected to said member by a universal joint, means for locking said handle and said member together in different adjustments, an arm journaled on said handle to swing about the axis thereof, and a scribing device supported by said arm adapted to engage a hoof bearing against said member.

11. In a farriery implement, a member adapted to engage the bottom of a horses hoof, a supporting handle therefor connected to said member by a universal joint, an arm journaled on said handle to swing about the axis thereof, a second arm pivotally connected to the first arm to turn relatively thereto about an axis parallel to the axis of movement of the first mentioned arm, and a scribing device carried by said second arm.

12. In a farriery implement, a member ada ted to engage the bottom of a horses hoof, a supporting handle therefor connected to said member by a universal joint, an arm journaled on said handle to swing about the axis thereof, a second arm pivotally connected to the first mentioned arm at one end, and a scribing tool pivot-ally connected to the other end of said arm adapted to engage a hoof bearing against said member, the axis of both pivotal connections with t-he second arm being parallel to the axis of movemnt of the first mentioned arm relative to said handle.

13. In a farriery implement, a member adapted to engage the bottom of a horses hoof, a supporting handle therefor connected to the said member by a universal joint, an arm journaled on saidhandle to swing about the axis thereof, a second arm slidingly mounted on the first arm and extending parallel to the axis of movement of the first arm relative to the handle, a sleeve mounted on said second arm and adjustable along the length thereof, a third arm pivotally connected at one end to said sleeve, and a scribing device pivotally connected to the other end of said third arm, the pivotal connections at both ends of said third arm having their axes parallel to the axis of movement of the first mentioned arm.

1-1. In a farriery implement, a member adapted to engage the bottom of a horses hoof, a support therefor connected to said member by a universal joint, means for adjusting the plane of the hoof engaging surface of said member relative to said support, said member and said support having openings adapted to register in a certain predetermined relative adjustment, and a plug adapted to be removably inserted in said opening to thereby hold said member and support in said relation.

15. In a farriery implement, a member adapted to engage the bottom of a horses hoof, and formed with a circular gage cngaging surface on its underside, a supporting handle for said member connected to the latter by a universal joint, an arm journaled on said handle to swing about the axis thereof, and a gage member mounted on said arm to slide longitudinally thereof and provided with an edge which is adapted to engage said circular surface and is inclined to the line of movement of said gage relative to said arm.

16. In a farriery implement, the combination of a member adapted to engage the bottom of a horses hoof, a support to which said member is adjustably connected to permit the inclination of the member to the support to be varied, and means for locking the member and support together in any desired adjustment, said member having its hoof engaging surface provided with a frog receiving recess.

SAUNDERS LEWIS, JR.

Witnesses ARNOLD KATZ, D. STEWART.

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